Nuclear Race
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United StatesThe United States dropped their first atomic bomb in 1945, on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. These bombs were later changed to the hydrogen bomb that is much more powerful. First hydrogen bomb was exploded in 1952. After the hydrogen bomb was created the ICBM was created in 1955. ICBM stands for Intercontinental Ballistic Missile. This new type of weapon is able to travel further distance, which is up to 3,400 miles.
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Soviet UnionAfter the United States dropped the atomic bomb the USSR felt threatened from such a highly destructive threat. So the USSR created an atomic bomb that was exploded in 1949. In 1953 their atomic bomb became more stronger and was the first hydrogen bomb tested. ICBM's was created in 1954, where the USSR created the Sputnik in 1957 to help control the missiles. The picture on the left shows Soviet Union's first atomic bomb.
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How the bomb worksThe atomic bomb works by using uranium with a bluet that ignites creating a train reaction. This train reaction created the splitting of the atoms. From the splitting of the atoms that energy is released and creates that huge mushroom cloud.The after shock is also from the amount of energy that is produced from the splitting of the atoms. Having a hydrogen bomb is more destructive and can create more damage compared to uranium.
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Fallout Shelters from the United States
Soviet Union Fallout Shelters
How fallout shelters were built
Fallout shelters where built with concrete for the outside layer. This layer protected the people inside the shelter. Shelters were built to shield people from gamma-ray radiation from the atomic bomb. Air tanks where made to create oxygen that would filter the harmful radiation that is outside the shelter. Another material that was used was bricks for inner layers. The walls had to be at least a 12 inches thick to protect the people inside the shelter. Most of this fallout shelters were built under the ground for it acted like another layer to protect the shelter. The food that was put into the shelters could last up to 50 plus years. These types of food would be dry or dry that can be added with water to create a warm meal.